Oral cancer refers to any type of cancer concerning the lower cheek area, tongue and jaw. It is generally treatable, especially when detected early. Fact is, as per the American Cancer Society, the five-year survivable rate for most oral cancers (which haven’t spread yet) is at 75% or higher. This is why it is greatly important to see an oral surgeon once the patient (or the dentist) notices suspicious changes in your mouth. It is important to note, however, that, sometimes, the aforementioned symptoms are due to other pathological problems and not oral cancer just like geographic tongue, hairy tongue and median palatal cyst.During an oral pathology consultation or oral cancer screening, the area or tissue in question undergoes thorough inspection. The dentist or hygienist, with the aid of a laser light, assesses the soft tissue for cellular changes indicative of oral cancer. Should changes be noted, a biopsy will be required; this means the surgeon will need to remove a small amount of tissue which will be sent in a laboratory for analysis. The result of the biopsy determines the next course of action. If the result indicates a malignant tissue, staging will be done before a treatment plan is made. In cases involving highly localized cancer, the tumor or lesion is, at times, removed in an outpatient setting. This is performed with the patient under local anesthesia and sedation. Meanwhile, more complicated or extensive cancer requires treatment in a specialized treatment facility.
Oral cancer screening should be done at least once a year. Furthermore, self-examination is greatly encouraged as it is an essential tool in catching oral cancer early. Everyone should regularly inspect their tongue, gums, lips and lymph nodes around the neck and jaw. These practices, though simple, can be life-saving!